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No. 609,824. Patented Aug. 30, I898. E. LOWI.

METHOD OF OBTAINING CATTLE FOOD.

(Application filed Dec. 9, 1895.) (No Model.) 2 Sheets $heet I,

m: NoRms PETER! on; rum-auras. wnsnmaron n c No. 609,824. Patented Aug.30, I898. E. LOWL METHOD OF OBTAINING CATTLE FOOD.

(Application filed. Dec; 9, 1895.)

2 Sheets-Sheet 2 (N0 Model.)

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NITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

EDMUND LowI, on PRAGUE, AUSTRIA-HUNGARY.

METHOD OF OBTAINING CATTLE-FO OD.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 609,824, dated August30, 1898.

Application filed December 9, 1895. Serial No. 571,570. (No specimens.)Patented in Belgium October 15, 1894, No. 112,137; in Austria December29, 1894, N0. i l/6,536; in France January 18, 1895, No. 241,959, and inHungary A t 22, 1895,

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, EDMUND LoWI, manufacturer, of Prague, in the Kingdomof B0- hemia, Empire of Austria, have invented new and usefulimprovements in the method of treating all kinds of residuary liquorsfrom the fabrication of spirits, dry yeast, and the like, (for which Ihave obtained a patent in Belgium, No.112,137, hearing date October 15,1894; in Austria, No. 44/6,536, bearing date December 29, 1894; inFrance, No. 241,959, bearing date JanuarylS, 1895, and in I-Iun-. gary,No. 3,454, bearing date August 22, 1895,) of which the following is aspecification.

The conventional methods hitherto adopted to obtain a new and dry foodproduct from liquid dregs possessed the one great defect of costliness,as it was found necessary to remove about eighty to ninety per cent. ofwafor from the fluid mass and to insure the simplest and speediestmanipulation of the great quantities of residuary liquors created in themanufactories in question. The cost of coal for evaporating andinspissation was often as much as the value of the dregs themselves.VVhere' filter-presses were used for draining, the method was found tobe highly troublesome, slow, and dear, the most valuable ingredients,such as the protein and fatty stuffs, being at the same time partlywasted. In the same way the apparatus based upon this method are so dearand so quickly worn out that it will never be possible to find a generaladoption for them.

The method does not aim at a clarification and purification of theresidues; but consists in the employment only of such means as willrapidly precipitate the albuminous and fatty ingredients of theresiduary liq-. uors, thus enriching the food product in protein andfatty substances without rendering it dearer or proving in any waypernicious. By this method the amorphous ingredients of the foodproducts present in the solution are precipitated with the crystals(which are very minute) of regenerated carbonate of lime,(saiumiions/calk, sche'ideschlamm,) by which means they lose their slimycharacter and increase the dimensions of the lime-crystals, so that theycannot stop up the filter. It has been already tried to concentrate theresidues by means of caustic lime; but exact experiments with whichProfessor Maercker, of Halle, has been charged by me have proved thatthe action of the re generated carbonate of lime (saturationskalk,scheideschldmm) being used in this process is quite different from theone brought about by the caustic lime.

First. By means of the regenerated carbonate of lime considerably largerquantities of protein and also a little more fat were brought into theresidue.

Second. By the application of larger quantities of regenerated carbonateof lime in comparison to smaller quantities the loss of protein is notincreased, while through the employment of equal quantities of chalk inform of caustic lime the employment of larger quantities of caustic limecaused a considerably greater loss of protein than smaller ones. Thecause of the latter fact is that caustic alkalies and caustic limedecompose the protein bodies even in a short time, in the cold as wellas in the heat, in such a man nor that from the insoluble protein bodiessoluble ammonium'salts are separated into amids, whereby the stock ofthe useful protein is of course diminished, this not being the case ifregenerated carbonate of lime is employed.

The method in question is described in the following, reference beinghad to the accompanying drawings, of which- Figure l is a frontelevation showing dia grammatically the plant. Fig. 2 is a plan viewshowing diagrammatically the plant. Fig. 3 shows diagrammatically twosuction apparatus. Fig. 4 is a transverse section representing onesuction apparatus. Figs. 5 and 6 are details of the drying apparatus.Fig. 7 shows details of the suction apparatus of Fig. 4. Fig. 8 showsthe arms of the stirring contrivance of the boiling apparatus.

The residuary liquors are first placed in a boiling and stirringapparatus A, Figs. 1 and 2, .in which they are mixed with one-half percent. of well-dissolved acetate of alumina and sulfate of magnesia.Inside the boiling apparatus is a copper stirring contrivance R withperforated arms I; b, Fig. 8. Steam is admitted into R after the boilingapparatus acid escapes with an audible noise.

amorphousparticles of the residuary liquors has been completely filled,with the result that the arms b I) mix and warm the residues. When-theresiduary liquors have reached a temperature of 100 Oelcius, one percent. of a mixture prepared by adding water to regenerated carbonate oflime out of the reservoir B is thrown in and both are thoroughly boiled,the lime combining at once with the acids present in the residuaryliquors and sinking to the bottom, while the carbonic The are unitedwith the particles of the carbonate of lime and precipitated. They thuslose their slimy property, and there is no possibility of the filterbecoming choked up. The function of the solution of acetate of aluminaand sulfate of magnesium is to coagulate the protein and fattysubstances contained in the liquid residues.

By the acid present in the residuary liquor it is further possible toattain a special action of the regenerated carbonate of lime afterwardadded. The proportion of the added acetate of alumina and sulfate ofmagnesium is based upon the acids contained in the residuary liquors,but must not exceed onehalf per cent., while at least double thequantity- &1 e. one per cent.of regenerated carbonate of lime should beadded.

By regenerated carbonate of lime is meant the carbonate of lime(saturait'onskalk, SChQtdSChZCLWLM) produced in the sugar-works asby-product. It possesses, in contrast to the caustic lime, theadvantages hereinbefore explained.

When the residuary liquors in the vat A have been thoroughly boiled,they are conveyed to the suction apparatus 0 through the pipe 4". Thesepeculiarly-constructed suction apparatus, Fig. 4:, consist of a sieve g,a trough u to receive the suckedoff water, and a receiver 1. The sievehas numerous conic perforations t'. Upon this is stretched a spiralwire-gauze 8, Figs. 4 and 7, (net of spiral wires,) and upon the latteran ordinary close-wire gauze c. This in its turn is coated with a layerof boneblack or charcoal v, and then comes a coating of sand 10 ofvarying grains, and finally, surmounting the whole filtering material, awire net at, which is fastened tight onto the receiver f by means ofangle-irons a and screws.

The receiver of the suction apparatus hav-' ing been completely filledwith the residuary liquors, the vacuum-pump P, Figs. 1 and 2, is setslowly in motion. Between the pump and the suction apparatus is thevessel K. Pipes from both pass into K, which serves to catch up thewater carried along out of the suction apparatus. After a space of tenminutes a vacuum of about seventy-five per cent. is attained in thesuction apparatus and the whole mass has been so far sucked up that theremaining residues scarcely contain forty per cent. of water. Thencethey are conveyed to the drying apparatus proper, T, which is heated bythe escaping smoke-gases and dried. This drying apparatus T consists of.a number of cylinders m, built into the walls 0 c, and through whichare conducted the smoke-gases out of the flue O. Underneath thecylinders are the troughs t, which can be heated either by return steamor by the escaping smokegases, while surrounding them are peculiarstirring and transport cont-rivances E, Figs. 5 and 6, consisting ofangle-irons revolving around the cylinders, and which, with theirshovels O, throw the residues onto the cylininders and at the same timeconvey them farther. By degrees the residues pass one cylinder after theother until they come out below at z thoroughly dry. The residuescontain no lumps, but have the same consistency as clay, while in theusual steaming process hard lumps were formed, which could not bereduced afterward in the drying process and therefore mold internally.

In the well-known filter apparatus hitherto used the sucking-off processwas impossible, particularly with the working of large quantities. Yearswere occupied with tests and experiments and a special form of filterapparatus with suitable filtering contrivance had to be constructed.

It is only in thepresent process, which allows of a draining to theextent of forty per cent, that the two-fold purpose is attainedviz.,first, that the water sucked off contains no food particles, and,second, that the residues remaining can be dried in the drying apparatusby the smoke-gases almost free of cost. Finally, by the quick working upof the residuary liquors at a comparativelylow temperature the qualityof the dry products obtained is considerably better in every respectthan was the case with drying processes hitherto, the digestibility atthe same time a very much higher percentage, and the smell and tastebeing equal to those of fresh residuary liquors.

Having now described my invention, what I claim, and desire to secure byLetters Patent, is-

The method of treating all kinds of residuary liquors from thefabrication of spirits, dry yeast, and the like herein set out, whichmethod consists in mixing the residuary liquor with a solution ofacetate of alumina and sulfate of magnesia and bringing them to atemperature of 100 Celsius, and then throwing in regenerated carbonateof lime, substantially as and for the purpose specified.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my invention I have signed myname in presence of two subscribing witnesses.

EDMUND LOWI.

Witnesses:

J OSEF TOMISKA, MILOSLAU HRUBY.

